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Gone Too Soon: What’s Behind Infant Mortality Rates?

Stanford Medicine / Fall 2013 / If a pregnant woman rushes into a hospital with labor pains, one of the first questions she’s asked is how long she’s been pregnant. If the answer is much less than the usual nine months, then the normal course of action — wheeling the soon-to-be mother to a labor …

Microbial Social Network

HHMI Bulletin / Fall 2013 / Inside the human gut, trillions of microbes are networking. They’re passing notes of collusion to friends, handing out business-card-like identifiers to the immune system, and signaling threats to competitors. Some messages are game-changers, causing bacteria to shift their behavior, produce a new compound, or abandon the gut altogether. Other …

Against the Flow: What’s Behind the Decline in Blood Transfusions?

Stanford Medicine Magazine / Spring 2013 / One day in 2011, an ambulance pulled up to the Stanford emergency room and paramedics unloaded a man in his 30s who had crashed his motorcycle. He was in critical condition: Tests showed dangerously low blood pressure, indicating that around 40 percent of his blood was lost. And …

The Other Microbiome

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences / February 6, 2013 / As recently as 2010, Forest Rohwer could be found immersed—literally—in the Pacific  Ocean. Rohwer, a microbiologist at San Diego State University, has spent more than a  decade researching the bacteria and viruses  that inhabit coral reefs, developing ways to study the microbes, and …

Cellular Search Engine

HHMI Bulletin / Winter 2013 / For a cell, the past informs the present. We humans have search engines like Google and Yahoo to sift through the Internet’s gobs of historical information and learn from others’ mistakes and successes. In some cells of the worm Caenorhabditis elegans, it turns out, a type of RNA, called Piwi-interacting …

One Foot in Front of the Other

HHMI Bulletin / Winter 2013 / To get from Boston to San Francisco, a person has a few choices: drive a car, hop on a bus, fly in an airplane, hitchhike from city to city, maybe even ride a bike. Circumstances will dictate which way works best. If the traveler is in a hurry, the …

Spirit of Collaboration

New Scientist / November 14, 2012 / Every other week, biochemist Michelle Arkin sets up a videoconference before her lab’s group meeting. And when the lab meeting starts, she doesn’t only welcome her fellow scientists at the University of California, San Francisco. She also greets their remote collaborators: scientists from Pfizer or Janssen Research & …

The Fat You Can’t See

HHMI Bulletin / Fall 2012 / A shiny, pinkish-brown triangle tucked under the right rib cage, a healthy liver is a marvel. Nutrient-rich blood from the intestines pulses into one side, and the liver goes to work removing toxins, converting digested food to energy, storing vitamins and minerals, and controlling how much fat and sugar …

RNA: Biology’s Next Big Star

University of Illinois MCB / Spring 2012 / Once shrugged off as DNA’s lesser sibling, RNA is now emerging in its own right as a vital mediator of dozens of processes in the cell. RNA molecules can be classified based on their size and function… Read more.

Traces of Inaugural Life

Science News / May 19, 2012 /  Earth’s first living organisms didn’t leave behind footprints or bite marks or bones. These single cells thrived quietly in a tiny pocket somewhere on the planet. For centuries, scientists trying to describe this earliest life have relied on evidence provided by biology, studying what features modern life-forms have …